Crushing mill



F. O. WILLIAMSON CRUSHING MILL.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 10, 1918- Patented Apr. 25, 1922.

2 $HEETSSHEET 1.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIQE.

FRANCIS O. WILLIAIZESON,OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

CRUSHING MILL.

Application filed June 10, 1918. Serial No. 239,123.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FnANoIs O. VVILLIAM- SON, a citizenof the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cool: and State of Illinois, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Crushing Mills, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying draw ing, forming a part thereof.

This invention relates more particularly to crushing orgrinding. mills having substantially cylindrical rotating drums,.barrels or shells, with or without loose, nonfriable balls, pebbles or crushing bodies, for crushing, grinding or pulverizing ore, roclz or other material either wet or dry, by the tumblin action and consequent'impact and attrition of such bodies, or of the lumps or pieces of material to be treated, or of both upon one another.

The main objects of the invention are to increase the efiective crushing action both by impact and attrition of .the crushing bodies or lumps of material upon one another; to facilitate the discharge of the material as soon as it is reduced to the desired size, whereby the production of slimes and their detrimental cushioning effect on the action of the crushing bodies and larger pieces of material isv reduced; and generally to increase the eiiicien'cy and improve the construction and operation of grinding mills of the above mentioned type.

The invention consists in the construe tion, arrangement and combination of parts as hereinafter particularly described and pointed out in the claims, and comprises generally a rotary drum, barrel or shell, and one or more internal displacement members located at or adjacent to either'or both ends of the drum, or at one or more intermediate points in its length and of varying extent lengthwise of the. drum, so as to impart movement. lengthwise of the drum to the crushing bodies or material contained therein as the drum rotates. The displacement member-or members at. the discharge end of the mill may be formed with perforations, and thus'serve as a screen or screens for the discharge of'the material between the axis and periphery of the drum. The dis placement member or members at the feed end of the mill may also be formed with openings of appropriate size, shape and ar rangement for introducing the material to be crushed into the drum.

In the accompanying drawing, illustratmg some of the preferred embodiments of the lnvention, like characters designate the same parts in the several figures.

Figure l is a substantially vertical longitudinal section on the line 11, Fig. 2, of a mill embodying the invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical cross section on the line 2-2, F ig. l ofthe mill; Fig. 3 is an elevation on a rdduced scale, of a false head or supporting plate having radial discharge flights, and a central deflector viewed in a plane and direction indicated by the dotted line and arrows 33,' Fig. 1; Fig. a is a sectional detail on the line 4 -4, Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is a lOIlglt-Hdllll-tl'SGCtlOll on the line 5--5, Fig. 6, of a portion of a mill embodying modifications of the invention; and Fig. 6 is a vertical cross section on the line 6-6, 5. The mill, as shown in Figs. 1 to 41: inclusive comprises a rotary drum, barrel or shell, which in its general construction may be like or similar to that of ball, pebble or tube crushing or grinding mills in common use.

In the present case the rotary drum or barrel consists of a substantially cylindr cal body 1, which may be made as shown, of heavy steel or boiler plate, and heads 2 and 3, which may be made of cast iron and bolted to annular flanges 4, riveted to the ends of the cylindrical body.

. The heads 2 and 3 are formed or provided on their outer sides with hollow trunnions 5 and 6, through which the material to be crushed or ground is fed into and discharged from the mill, and which are rotatably mounted in bearings 7, preferably of the spherical or self-adjusting type common in this class of mills.

At one end the mill is provided with a gear 8, which may be of annular form and bolted with the intervenin flange ring 4 to the head 2, as shown in Fig. 1, for imparting a' rotary movement to the barrel through the medium of a counter shaft parallel with the axis of the barrel and provided with a pinion meshing with the gear, according to wellknown practice, and therefore not shown.

As thus far described the mill may be of substantially the same construction as ordinary well known tube, ball or pebble crushing or grinding mills.

In the operation of such mills, the material to be crushed or ground and the loose crushing bodies, such as balls, pebbles and the like, tend to lodge in and fill the corners or angles between the body and heads of the barrel and thereby interfere with the free attritive and percussive action of the larger lumps or pieces of material and of the non-friable crushing bodies when they are used, and thus reduce the effective length and capacity of the mills. The material to be crushed also has a tendency to remain in such mills after it has been reduced to the desired size and to become pulverized or further reduced to slimes, or a product of undesirable fineness, which have a cushioning effect and reduce the impact and attritive action of the larger and heavier lumps or pieces of material and of the non-friable crushing bodies when used, thereby materially reducing the capacity or efiiciency of the mills, besides resulting in an undesirable product.

To obviate these objections and difliculties in accordance with the present invention, a mill of this type is provided with one or more displacement members which may be variously formed and disposed according to the kind of work to be done and the nature of the material to be treated.

In the mill shown in Figs. 1 to 4' inclusive of the accompanying, drawing by way of illustration, a number, in the present case three, displacement members 9, are provided in the feed end of the mill, and a like number of similar displacement members 10, are provided in the discharge end of the mill. These members, which may be of various forms according to the nature of the work to be done and the material to be operated upon, are preferably constructed of steel or hard metal like or similar to that of which liners for this class of mills are made, and may be attached or fastened to the barrel in various ways. 'They are also preferably made as shown, of wedge-shape with deflecting walls or sin'faccs exposed to the interior of the barrel and extending inwardly from the inner periphery or cylindrical body of the barrel towards its axis at an inclination to planes perpemlicular to the axis of the barrel. As shown, these deflecting walls or surfaces are of spirally curved formation, and are of triangular shape, increasing in area and extent into the barrel both axially and radially in a direction opposite the di rection of rotation of the barrel indicated by arrows on Figs. 2, 3 and 6 of the drawing. I

The displacement members at the feed end of the mill may be disposed in any desired relation to the displacement members at the discharge end. As shown in Fig. 1, the larger ends of the members 9 are arranged flppFOXlmdtQlY. opposite the larger ends of the displacement members 10 at the discharge end ofthe mill, so that the effective length of the crushing chamber within the barrel is alternately increased and reduced in successive sectors or angular portions of the barrel.

The displacement members either at the feed or discharge end of the mill or at both ends, may be perforated either for the admission of material into the barrel or its discharge therefrom, or for both purposes.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the deflecting walls of the displacement members 10 are formed with apertures 11, to permit the discharge of material through them when it.

has been crushed or reduced to the desired size. These apertures -may be of various shapes and variously disposed over a. greater or less extent of the deflecting walls of the displacement members.

The head 3 is preferably of conical. or concave-convex form with the concavity on the lifting the crushed material discharged into the chamber 12 to and delivering it into the hollow trunnion 6. The central portion of the plate 13 is provided with a deflectorl'fi,

divided by wings or partitions into channels registering with the opening between the inner ends of the flights or scoops 15 for directing the material lifted thereby from the chamber 12 into the trunnion 6.

Those portions of the body 1', head 2, and supporting plate 13 of the bar el which are exposed between the displacement members 9 and 10 to the interior of the barrel, are protected by steel or hard metal liners, and the liner sections adjoining the displacement members are utilized to fasten them in place in the barrel, the cylindrical body 1 being provided with renewable liner sections 17 and 18, which are bolted or otherwise detachably fastened thereto. The sections 18 adjoining the displacement members 9 and- 10, are made to conform thereto, and are beveled or otherwise formed at the edges next to the displacement members to over lap or interlock therewith and hold them in place.

The head 2 at the feed end of the mill isprovided with a liner 19, bolted or otherwise detachably fastened thereto and formed with a central opening registering with the opening in the feed trunnion 5. The outer edges of the liner section 19 are beveled to overlap, or otherwise formed to engage with the inner edges of the displacement members 9' deflecting walls of the displacement 1118111.

and to hold them in place. The central portion of the plate 13 is provided with a liner section 20, bolted or otherwise detachably fastened to said plate and beveled or formed-at the edges to overlap or interlock with the inner edges of the displacement members 10 and to hold them in place. Liner sections 21, fitting between the displacement members 10 and bolted or otherwise detachably fastened to the radiating 1, with a manhole and removable cover 22,

for removing and replacing the displacement members and llner sections. For some kinds of work and some materials, the millis provided as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1, with balls, pebbles or other nonfriable crushing bodies 23.

The displacement members 9 at the feed end of the mill maybe formed with apertures of appropriate size and'arrangement similar to those of the members 10, for the admission into the barrel of the material to be crushed, or forthe discharge therefrom of crushed or fine material,and the space or spaces between the head 2 and the perforated bers 9 may. communicate with the hollow trunnion 5 and be utilized in connection therewith for feeding'materialinto the mill or for discharging crushed or fine material therefrom.

The mill, particularly whena barrel of greater length than that shown in Fig. 1 is used, may be provided at one or more points between its ends with displacement members similar to those shown, and the different sections into which the barrel is thusdivided may beprovided with crushingbodies of different sizes so as to progressively reduce the material, and to effect a classification thereof when desirable.

Referring-to Figs. 5 and 6,showing the feed) end of a mill having a barrel 1 of greater length than diameter, double displacement members 2 1 having oppositely in-' .be utilized for the admission of material partments or sections which may be supplied as indicated with crushing bodies 23 of dif ferent sizes.

The hollow displacement members 9 are formed with openings 11 for admission of material into the barrel and the adjacent head 2, like the head 8, is of conical'shape and forms with said displacement members and an interposed plate 13 bolted with the head to the barrel, a chamber 12" into which the material to be crushed is fed through the trunnion 5 and from which it is admitted into the displacement members through openings 14 in said plate. The plate 13 is provided with flights or wings 15, which direct the material from the chamber 12' into the hollow displacement members 9.

The plate 13 and liner section 19 are formed with central openings 25, which may into or its discharge from the barrel.

Material to be crushed may be fed into the mill and the crushed material may be discharged therefrom through the same trunnion at either end or both ends of the mill, as for example, the material may be suppliedto the mill through a spout or pipe 26 passing through the trunnion 5 and openings 25, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 5, the crushed material being ,dischargedthrough said trunnion-outside of the spout orpipe.

lVith, displacement members constructed and arranged at the feed end and .at one or more intermediate location's between the ends of the mill, as shown in Fig. 5, perforated displacement members 10 and the construction and. arrangement of associated parts, shown in Fig. 1, may be used.

In the operation of the mill as shown in Figs. 1 to 1 inclusive, the material. fed into the barrel through the hollow trunnion 5, is carried up on the ascending side of the barrel with the crushing bodies, and when it passes the angle of repose, tumbles back into the lower part of the barrel, thereby causing the larger and heavier lumps or pieces of material and the crushing bodies when used, to break and reduce the friable ma terial by impact and attrition. As the barrel rotates, the material and the crushing bodies when used, are displaced by the inclined deflecting walls of the displacement members 9 and 10 lengthwise 'ofthe barrel, and the material rolling or tumbling and sliding over the inclined surfaces of the dis placement members one after another, and falling or being crowded back by the weight of the load or charge in the mill over the larger ends of the displacement members, into the recesses betweenthem towards the 125 ends of the barrel, is more rapidly crushed and reduced, the traverse of the, material and of the crushing bodies and the attritive and percussive action of the larger and heavier lumps or pieces of material and of 30 The displacement members 9 and 10 beingarranged as shown, with their larger ends or the portions thereof extending; farthest into the barrel opposite one another, operate to compact, condense and raise and tovv release,

loosen andv lower the contents of the mill alternately, thereby increasing the crushing, grinding and; attritive action ofthe materialupon itself andv of the crushing bodies when they are employed.

As the material is reduced to. the desired size and is carried. in: its progress throughthe mill against the perforated displacement members 10, it is discharged through the apertures 11 into the chamber 12,-, from which it is lifted by the flight-s or scoops 15 and delivered thereby intov the hollow discharge trunnion 6. As the material slides down over the inclined surfaces of the displacement members 10, it is crowded through the apertures 11 as soon as it is reduced to a size that will pass through said apertures.

The discharge of the crushed material is thus facilitated and accelerated, so that it does not remain in the barrel after it has beenreduced tov the desired size, and hence does not interfere with the crushing action of thelarger and heavier lumps or pieces of material and of the crushing bodies when they are used.

The operationof the modified mill shown in Figsf5 and 6 is essentially like that of the mill shown in Figs. 1 and 2, except as to variations in means and method of feeding or introducing material intov the barrel.

Displacement members like or similar to the members 9 at the feed end of the mill, may be employed at the discharge end, and the material as it is crushed and reduced to the desired size, discharged directly through the hollow trunnion 6.

Various changes other than those hereinbefore mentioned, in, the construction, and arrangement of the displacement members and other parts of the mill may be made without departure from the principle and scope of the invention, as defined in the following claims.

I claim:

1,.- In a crushing mill the combination with a rotary barrel, of a curved wedge-shaped displacementmember disposed circumferentially around the interior of the barrel to which it'isattached andincreasing'in extent both radially and axially relative to the bar rel in a direction opposite the direction of rotation ofv the barrel.

2. In a crushing mill the combination with a rotary barrel, of a curved wedge-shaped displacement member disposed circumferentially around the interior of the barrel to which it is attached between its endsand of increasing extent both radially and axially relative to the barrel in a direction opposite the direction of rotation of the barrel which is thus partially divided into compartments.

3. In a crushing mill the combination with a rotary barrel, of a wedge-shaped d-isplace ment member fixed. to and extending inwardly from the inner periphery of the barrel and having a spirally curved deflecting surface inclined both axially and radially to a plane perpendicular tothe axis of the barrel and increasing in area in a circumferential. direction oppositethe direction of rotation.

In a. crushing mill the combination with a rotary barrel, of displacement members having deflecting surfaces inclined to planes perpendicular to the axis of the barrel, the deflecting surfaces of the-displacement members. at opposite endsofthe barrel being so disposed relative toone another as to alternately lengthen and shorten the interior of the barrel in successive angular portions thereof.

5. I11 a crushing millthe combination with a rotary barrel, of, wedge-shaped, displacement members having deflecting surfaces extending inwardly from the inner periphery of thebarrel adjacent toits ends, said HIP/m bers increasing in width and radial and axial extent, into the barrel in a circumferential direction opposite the direction of rotation, and the larger ends of the membersat opposite-ends of the barrel being located approximately opposite each other.

6. In a crushing mill. the combination with a rotary barrel, of a displacement member adjacent to-one end of the barrel and havinga perforated deflecting wall extending inwardly from the inner periphery of thebarrel at an inclination to a plane perpendicular to the axis of the barrel, said member increasing in width in a direction opposite the direction of rotation.

7. In a crushing mill the combinationwith a rotary barrel, provided with ahead having a hollow trunnion, and a displacement member having a perforated deflecting wall e xtending inwardly from the. inner periphery ofthe barrel at an inclination to a, plane perpendi'cular to the axis of the barrel adjacent to saidfhead and forming therewith: a. chamber in communication with the hollow trunnion and: through the perforationsin the defleeting wall of the displacement member members having spirally curved. perforated walls extendinginwardly from the inner periphery of the barrel adjacent to said head, Which it is attached adjacent the head with with which they form a discharge chamber. Which it forms a feed chamber communi- 10 9. In a crushing mill the combination With eating through said opening With the interior a rotary barrel provided with a head having of the barrel. 7

a hollow feed trunnion, of a curved Wedge- In Witness whereof I hereto affix my sigshaped displacement member having an nature.

opening therein and disposed circumferentlally around the interior of the barrel to FRANCIS O. WILLIAMSON. 

